Artificial Media, Real Rights: The Impact of Gen AI on Freedom of Expression in Eastern and Southern Africa

The increased use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools has introduced both benefits and risks for freedom of expression. While these tools can enhance creativity, access to information, and civic engagement, they also pose significant risks such as the spread of information disorder, algorithmic bias and personal data misuse.

In addressing these risks in African contexts, this research report presents an analysis of the intersection between GenAI and the right to freedom of expression in eight countries across Eastern and Southern Africa: Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. It explores the legal frameworks governing GenAI and related rights, including privacy, data protection, copyright, corporate accountability, and access to justice.

Through TrustLaw, the Foundation’s global pro bono legal network, in partnership with the Patrick J. McGovern Foundation, we connected ARTICLE 19 Eastern Africa with legal experts at ALP East Africa, Coulson Harney LLP (Bowmans Kenya), Bowmans South Africa, Bowmans Tanzania, B&M Legal Practitioners (Bowmans Zambia), Kanokanga & Partners, Mehrteab & Getu Advocates LLP, and K-Solutions & Partners (ALN Rwanda) to develop this resource.